Lenovos Corporate Social Responsibility - 1359 Words

First of all, the article selects Lenovo as a case to analyze. Lenovo began to publish corporate social responsibility report from 2008. It is the first batch of Chinese enterprises concerned about corporate social responsibility. In recent years, Lenovo is always among the highest in the list of China s corporate social responsibility. In 2013, its ranking rose to the second place. As a leading IT manufacture, Lenovo has put its value of responsibility into every practice of the company. Lenovo believes that enterprises should first do their own business, provide better products and services for the community. In addition, the enterprise should try to do more public welfare and take more responsibility. Lenovo has made efforts to enhance the transparency of information disclosure of social responsibility, also it establishes the normal communication mechanism with stakeholders and promotes combination of social responsibility concept and the enterprise daily operations. Combined wit h the above factors, this paper chooses Lenovo as the main body of the case analysis. 3.2 The analysis method of the case Because this paper is a case study of a single company, so the method is different from the pervious research. This article does not build the model, process data and software analysis, it directly analyzes CSR practice cases and key performance data. The main source of examples and data is corporate social responsibility report and annual report over the period 2008-2013.Show MoreRelatedThe Marketing Strategy Of Lenovo Brand3494 Words   |  14 Pagesdramatically in 2012-2013, which helped Lenovo to be recognised as one of the largest and well-known companies in the US. Lenovo Value chain, Micro environment Strategic environmental factors have been analysed to determine Lenovo’s market position. To carry out the research various models are used along with qualitative research. Lenovo has used the value chain process to help them to identify activities that will add most value to their company. These activities can be identifiedRead MoreLenovo Strategic Plan1531 Words   |  7 Pagesand other electronic products. Is a leading global PC business, the original Lenovo and IBMs personal computer division and combination. Lenovo reelected since 1997 Chinas domestic market sales of the first, in 1994 and listed in Hongkong. Corporate positioning Associations engaged in the development, manufacture and sales of the most reliable, secure and easy-to-use technology products.Their success is the result of tireless efforts to help customers improve productivity, enhance the qualityRead MoreThe Current Position Of Lenovo2458 Words   |  10 Pageseven though it has seen much success, complacency is not an option. This report will analyse the current position of Lenovo in the market and anticipate future prospects and threats by carrying out the appropriate analyses. 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Locus of control, which makes a distinction between commitment and control strategies, identifies the ways by which the HRM strategy monitors workers ¡Ã‚ ¯ compliance: process-based standard or developing a psychological contract which fosters social relationships, entails trust and respect, and control the outcomes themselves (Bratton and Gold, 2003). 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It begins by introducing and understanding of corporate strategy as it relates trans- national corporations as players in an increasing global environment. The impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and actions of global players as they seek to identify competitive advantage is considered. As the roleRead MoreAcer Swot Analysis/Pest Analysis5264 Words   |  22 Pagesoffered a continuous stream of innovative and empowering solutions that anticipate and satisfy their needs. ââ€"  Investors are given positive returns every year. ââ€"  Employees are motivated to enable Acer to realise its full potential and achieve its corporate goals. ââ€"  Business partners are engaged with win-win solutions. 4 Business Environment Issues Like any global business, Acer is subject to global (PESTLE) issues. Specifi cally, the following are of direct concern: Legal Factors Acer has beenRead MoreMkt 505 Courseguide6356 Words   |  26 Pagesdistributed, or otherwise disclosed in whole or in part, without the expressed written permission of Strayer University. MKT 505 Student Version 1118 (1016 9-27-11)    Page 1 of 17    MKT 505 – International Marketing 8. Evaluate and adapt corporate marketing strategies to fit the changing dynamics of foreign markets and foster a competitive advantage. 9. Develop and integrate global e-Commerce into the marketing strategy. 10. Use technology and information resources to research issues in international

Cloud Computing Haze Problem

Question: Discuss about theCloud Computingfor Haze Problem. Answer: Introduction Cloud Computing is a technique of modern network technology, that provides the facility of shared computer resources and data and other applications on demand. It provides the facilities to access the applications as utilities through internet. With the help of Cloud computing we can create, configure and customize the applications online. It provides a secured network environment with limited resources, minimal management effort and serviceability interaction. For proper implementation of Cloud a good environmental condition is required but with this it is also required that suitable systems should be developed to provide proper environment for Cloud Computing. Haze Problem Haze is an atmospheric condition where dust, smoke and other dry particles in the environment create hindrance in the clarity of the sky. Since 1991 the Haze is a major problem in the South Asia. As in Cloud Computing the complete transference of data is done wireless through air in the form of signals. Haze is creating a big problem in proper implementation of Cloud Computing as well the other wireless networks. In South Asian Countries like Malaysia, Singapore, India, China and other countries poor network in Haze is a common problem. The Haze creates the attenuation in transference of the wavelength of the optical and infrared signals. The small dust particles in the Haze also divert and sometimes destroy the signals. The problem of Haze become more crucial in the winter season , where the low atmospheric temperature and increase level of Haze in atmosphere create many problems in transfer of signals. The major impact of Haze is on the optical network signal transference which travel on the form of optics or light, there are several other impacts on network too. Methods Researched for Dealing with the Problem of Haze There are several Techniques used for better implementation of Network in Haze- Embedded Control Systems- In this method a proper Control System is developed with Sensors in it to observe the level of Haze and control the propagation of signals according to it. It is embedded because many technologies are combined to develop this system. Special Network Softwares In this method appropriate algorithms for propagation of network is designed and programing is done accordingly. Smart Computing Method This method enables the system to have more collaborative attitude for Signal transmission, sensor and controlling of the signals. More geographical diverse data centres are developed to cope with this problem. In case of Haze different types of specially designed data centres and systems are used. Conclusion The Haze Problem is most critical problem in the fine propagation of the network. The Haze problem is a wide problem Research area, this was a simple student level approach in limited time. Several effective methods have been developed for dealing with this problem. But still lot of research and work in this domain is required for effective implementation of the network and computing. Reference Blog-Oliver Meilier LinkedIn, Computing, Fog , Haze? [ Online] Available at- www.cloud-computing-fog-haze-oliver-meili (Retrieved on 15-Nov-16) HIMMS Organization, Clearing up Cloud Haze [online] Available at -www.himss.org (Retrieved on 15 Nov-16) SANS Organization, Cloud Computing-Maze in Haze [Online] Available at - https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepaper (Retrieved on 15-Nov-16) Mell .P. Grance, (2009), The NIST definition of Cloud Computing, National Institute of Technology, ISBN NO- 53, 56

Advertising across Different Countries and Cultural Contexts

Abstract This research proposal is designed to help us better understand the effectiveness of advertising strategies applied across different countries with similar cultures.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Advertising across Different Countries and Cultural Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Using a survey consisting of Likert items and corresponding scales, subjects consisting of advertising executives from Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom will be asked to rate their responses regarding a number of items relating to the effectiveness of different advertising strategies in their corresponding countries. It is hypothesized that there will be differences in what constitutes effective advertising materials in different countries with similar cultures. This research builds upon other studies in the field which reveal the differences in advertising strategies employed across different cultu res. This study could help the company save significant financial resources on advertising in the future. Introduction The firm under research is a food supply company that operates and advertises in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. Understanding how to craft effective strategies for advertising campaigns in these countries is a vital part of its continued success. In the recent difficult economic times, the firm has faced increased pressure to save money wherever possible and has been encouraged to consolidate operations wherever they have been shown to be feasible. One of the most significant expenditures in terms of financial resources is the money spent on advertising budgets for the three countries of operation. Individual, localized campaigns have always been the firm’s strategy, because it believed crafting one advertising strategy for use in all three countries would be ineffective considering the differences between the three national markets of oper ation. As a multi-national food supply company, understanding how best to adapt strategies of advertising across the different cultures the firm serves is of paramount importance.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While a number of different studies have looked at the effectiveness of advertising between countries and companies, few have examined the subtle nuances of differences with regard to advertising between cultures with more subtle nuanced differences. It is for this reason that the research should be conducted by the company in order to explore the differences in what works in advertising across different countries with similar cultural contexts. Indeed, while a body of research exists relating to differences in advertising between very different cultures, the company could benefit from a greater understanding of the differences across several countries with simila r cultures. It is proposed that research be conducted to determine the most effective strategies for advertising the company’s business in the different countries of operation. Review of Related Literature Research on advertising across different cultures has revealed many important differences in terms of the type of advertising considered to be most influential to customers especially in terms of customer preference. A number of studies have looked at differences between individualistic and collectivist cultures, contrasting advertising in Western and Eastern countries (Han Shavitt, 1994; Jeon Beatty, 2002). Other studies have focused on how different types of advertising are perceived in different cultures, looking at Western and Eastern countries and their reactions to humour in advertising (Alden, Hoyer Lee, 1993). In Han and Savitt (1994) research looking at advertising in individualistic and collectivist cultures, data revealed significant differences in what consti tuted persuasive advertising across individual and collectivist cultures. In this study, the authors looked at cross-cultural differences in advertising materials in Korea and the United States as examples of collectivist and individualistic cultures respectively (Han Shavitt, 1994). The researchers conducted a content analysis of magazine advertisements and found that American advertisements focused on appeals to the individual while those in Korea appealed to the collective.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Advertising across Different Countries and Cultural Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The findings of these researchers showed that cultural differences played an important part in determining how influential a particular advertisement was at the level of both the society and the individual (Han Shavitt, 1994). The research study conducted by Han and Savitt (1994) is relevant to our study becaus e it demonstrates that there are more pronounced differences in what constitutes effective advertising of products used across individual and collectivist cultures. Because the firm’s products are almost exclusively bought to be used with other products, it helps us to understand whether or not other differences may exist across different countries with similar cultures. In this case, all of the countries the company operates in entail individualistic cultures and Western democracies. Therefore, the findings of the study especially in the American context have a direct description of the best practices in advertising that can be extended to Canada and the United Kingdom. Researchers Jeon and Beatty (2002) looked at the effectiveness of three different types of advertising in terms of their ability to persuade audiences across two different cultures. In examining both the United States and South Korea, the researchers compared advertisements that relied on direct comparisons a s well as others that relied on indirect comparisons between products. The findings indicated that indirect comparative advertisements were most effective in the United States, where advertisements employing direct comparisons were most common. Conversely, it was found that the opposite applied in South Korea: direct comparison advertising was most effective while indirect advertising was most common in the country’s media (Jeon Beatty, 2002). These findings builds on a body of research that relates to comparative advertising, but it also highlights an important fact regarding the current research study proposed here. The effectiveness of advertising can depend a great deal on the cultural context in which it is viewed. However, this also highlights the fact that we know little about the effectiveness of advertising in similar cultures in different countries.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The findings assist in reflecting on the consequences of specific preferences in advertisements of western cultures as compared to other cultures. They highlight on the perceptions that should be expected from the countries under study towards advertisements. Finally, a study performed by researchers Alden, Hoyer and Lee (1993) has relevance to the research study being proposed here. In their study, the researchers looked at the use of humour in different television advertisements across four different cultures including the United States, Germany, Thailand and Korea. The findings of these researchers revealed that while humour in advertising often has universal underlying themes, it can vary in the way it is specifically comprehended across different countries and cultures (Alden, Hoyer Lee, 1993). While prior research has demonstrated the effectiveness of humour as a component in successful advertising, understanding what worked and what did not across cultures was problematic. H umour in advertising has been shown to positively affect recall and individual intention to purchase a product when the humour lines up with the overall objectives of the advertisement (Alden, Hoyer Lee, 1993). The researchers looked at the inappropriateness of humorous advertising across cultures in order to better identify the contrasts between cultures and ultimately allow for easier standardization for advertising between them. The findings suggested that there were incongruities in these advertisements across different cultures. The finding of incongruity in advertising across cultures is very relevant to the research proposed here because it suggests that there may be ways we can create advertising strategies which can be more easily adapted across different cultural contexts. Research into the differences and similarities between effective advertising in the different countries in which the firm operates can build on the information yielded from the study conducted by Alden, Hoyer and Lee (1993) and ultimately allow the firm to design advertising strategies that work effectively across different cultural contexts. We cannot ignore the fact that a certain level of diversity exist in the countries under study especially due to tourists, foreign students, expatriates and other foreign professional, and the incongruity findings in this study fits best in harmonizing the results expected with such limitations. Assumptions For the purposes of this study, it is assumed that the findings of previous researchers were based on advertisements targeted to customers with similar characteristics such as product preference, purchasing behaviour and financial circumstances. This is because the results observed must not have been influenced by other factors expect cultural aspects. It is also assumed that Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom can be defined as having â€Å"similar† cultural contexts. The assumption is made confidently based on a numb er of different factors. While there are obvious demographic differences between these three nations, they are all Western democracies, comprised of a populous of similar ethnic makeup. They are all individualistic cultures. There exists significant diversity in all three societies, but both the United States and Canada emerged from United Kingdom society. It is for these reasons that for the purposes of this research study, it is confidently assumed that Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom are three different countries with similar cultural contexts. Hypothesis There is a difference between what constitutes effective advertising strategies across different countries with similar cultural contexts. Null Hypothesis There is not a difference between what constitutes effective advertising strategies across different countries with similar cultural contexts. Methodology Subjects The survey will be administered to members of the advertising executive board in each of their different countries of origins. Four advertising executives from the United States will be surveyed as will four executives from the United Kingdom and four executives from Canada. Each of these executives is originally from the country in which their position is located and lives there full time. Of these 12 subjects, all make budgetary and campaign decisions with regard to advertising within the countries where their positions are located. Among the twelve subjects eight are men, while the remaining four are women. All subjects are between the ages of 46 and 58 years. These subjects are all experts in advertising the company’s food products in their respective countries; they know what works and what does not work. Of the four subjects from the United Kingdom, three work from the same office in London while one works in a satellite office in Devonshire. All four advertising executives from the United States work from the same New York office. The four advertising executives from Canadian operations are all based in the same Toronto office, which happens to be the company’s corporate headquarters and original office location. The twelve executives have a diverse cultural makeup; nine of the twelve executives have at least one parent born outside their country of origin. Instrument The instrument that will be used for the research is a survey questionnaire consisting of 19 Likert items with accompanying Likert scales for respondents to rate according to their agreement with the particular item. All of these items reflect specific elements of advertising strategies such as timing, mode of communication, place, content, mood, type, preferences among others. The 20th item on the survey is a simple question regarding to the advertisements currently employed in the country where individual subjects are located. This survey measures the attitudes and opinions of advertising executives with regard to their experience on what constitutes effective advert ising in the country of operation. Subjects rate their feelings to items on a five-point scale of a range of responses that will be presented as follows: 5 for strongly agree, 4 for agree, 3 for neutral, 2 for disagree and 1 for strongly disagree. This Likert scale survey questionnaire is located in the appendix at the end of this paper. Procedure Data will be obtained by an interviewer asking subjects to rate their feelings on a number of Likert items relating to the effectiveness of advertising in their country. The respondents will fill the questionnaires provided by an interviewer at their convenient time and place. The interviewer will also act as the guide on how to fill the responses on the Likert scales in case a participant is stuck. The complete role of the interview is given in the appendix. The expectations are that the exercise will take place in the offices during break sessions especially in the evening after work. For every participant, the interviewer might ask some open-ended questions after the session to clarify on the issues directly related to advertising strategies. This is not expected to take more than ten minutes of the entire session. Analysis Once all the data has been collected, its validity will be tested by considering the consistency and relevancy of the responses as reflected in the relevancy of the questions. In fact, this will be achieved by first grouping the questions according to their relatedness in terms of advertising strategies after the exercise. A valid response should not deviate with more than one point in the Likert scale from the response of the next related question. Once the validity is tested, the items from the Likert scale will be tabulated to allow for comparing ratings of different elements of the advertising strategies the participants think should be employed in the three countries as suggested by them. If we find a majority 51% of differences in responses between countries, then the hypothesis will be accepted. Individual items can also be scored and examined to provide a more granular analysis and help the company obtain more specific details, which could prove helpful in operations going forward. Limitations The proposed research study detailed herein does contain a number of limitations. Because of the limited sample size, we must be careful not to make wide generalizations with respect to the findings. Furthermore, because all of the subjects are advertising executives between the ages of 46 and 58, the study is limited in terms of the demographic representation of data we can obtain. Any data obtained here will not be used to make inferences with regard to the attitudes of younger audiences. Moreover, if future research is conducted, there may be disparities with regard to the attitudes of these executives and the audiences of the countries they operate in. The use of the Likert scale also creates some limitations thus must be considered. Because each item has a preset scale with predetermined ratings, respondents may see their feelings on particular issues somewhat distorted by conforming to the rating which best matches their feelings on a particular item. It is hoped that the presence of an interviewer to administer the questionnaire can mitigate the damage caused to the findings by this inherent limitation. Discussion The research is expected to find some differences in what constitutes effective advertising across three countries with similar cultures. There are a number of conclusions that could be drawn from such findings which may prove valuable to the company’s operations. Specifically, the data gleaned from this study could be used to design effective advertising campaigns that work across all countries in which the firm operates, allowing it to save considerable financial resources on advertising strategies. This could effectively reduce the total advertising expenditures by as much as two-thirds. The implications of this include wide r profit margins and a greater ability to take risks in trying out new advertising strategies. Moreover, over the long-term, it may be possible to consolidate advertising operations for the different countries served by the firm based on one centralized location. This could prove another valuable measure that would allow the company to save even more costs on its overhead expenditures such as rent, heating and related costs from the offices in different countries. It has long been held that localized operations were vital to advertising success, but research such as this may help the management to move away from this strategy and adopt a more cost effective model. Given the increasingly global market, this may even allow the firm to begin exploring opportunities to expand into other markets. This has been a goal pursued by the firm that has gone unfulfilled heretofore. This research study will provide the company with valuable data regarding the effectiveness of advertising across d ifferent countries with similar cultural contexts, as well as encourage future research on the same subject. Indeed, this study may provide the impetus for a much larger study to be conducted by an academic institution, using a randomized sample and enough subjects to provide for greater confidence in the results they may obtain. In addition to helping our company save important and potentially considerable financial resources, this research could also improve the field of study around global advertising and the challenges that similar multi-national companies face. References Alden, D. L., Hoyer, W. D. Lee, C. (1993). Identifying global and culture-specific dimensions of humor in advertising: A multinational analysis. The Journal of Marketing, 57(2), 64-75. Han, S. Shavitt, S. (1994). Persuasion and culture: Advertising appeals in individualistic and collectivistic societies. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 30(4), 326-350. Jeon, J. O., Beatty, S. E. (2002). Comparativ e advertising effectiveness in different national cultures. Journal of Business Research, 55(11), 907-913. This proposal on Advertising across Different Countries and Cultural Contexts was written and submitted by user Francisco Talley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

ALicia keys research paper Essay Example

ALicia keys research paper Essay Example ALicia keys research paper Paper ALicia keys research paper Paper and had millions of fans around the entire world. She would write her own music but was also very private about her personal life. She had a lot of songs about relationships but most of the time they were never personal. She caught the young urban attention because a lot of her music was very touching and related to many people who were going through the same things When she first came out she was a girl artist that had little support and had some to prove given where she grew up. Although she had some struggles growing up, she never let that stop her from getting where she wanted to be. As a way to get off the streets she would dedicate all er time to practice the piano and singing. Her music had a huge impact on the music industry because of where she came from. It also had a blissfulness that overshadowed where she came from. Her music showed the world what else there is to offer and she did Just that. Many artists came out after her in the same kinds of categories and are famous today. No one could ever come aligned to Alicia, but her music was what made other artist comfortable with coming out and showing what they have to offer. American cultures quickly shifted after she came out and were very dedicated and interested in what she would come out with next. She had illions of fans that would line up and wait for her in tears literally, Just so she can perform. Her music was moving and heart rending and would give her fans chills whenever she would walk out on the stage. Alicia also had an impact on American culture because she would go out of her way to always do something with herself. She would try out for acting positions and would quickly get those roles and be a stunning actress. By her doing that , it Just showed that people could be multi talented and to never stop what they wanted to In life. The impact she had on me personal is very huge. When I was growing up I always loved her music and verything she set out forth. I myself am very dedicated to music and I love to play the piano and learn and play all types of music. I remember when I was a little girl I would sneak out of classes and go to the music room where there was a piano and just play all of her music. For me, it was a way to get away from everything I was going through. Her music was deep and had meaning to every single word in the lyrics. To me, that was all I needed. I would do research on her and see what she would be doing and her interests and we were Just interested in the same kinds of things. She was and always will be my biggest idols. When I was younger, I always longed to go to her concert and sit in the audience and Just feel her music in me. By freshman year, I finally got tickets to see her and it was the most amazing experience ever. It meant so much to me that I was actually in tears while she was singing live and it felt so perfect. A few years later, my senior year, I went to go see her again. And this time it was an even better feeling. Her drive and determination to help anyone in her path is what touches me and makes me want to do the same things for my community and everyone around me. When Alicia was in her twenties, she had taken a trip to Africa. This trip changed her life because it showed her the way other people lived and what they had to go through. When she got there she realized that people really do have hard lives and that her music and her voice could quickly make people have faith and believe that there is light at the end of the tunnel. After talking to people who lived in the village that she visited, she realized that she needed to do foundation called Keep A Child Alive. This foundation accepts donations and anything that can help support and provide for these people in numerous countries to help them prosper and grow from the hard conditions that they all live in. Once she created this foundation I heard about it and I was old enough to talk to my mom and tell her I wanted to donate to it or do research to try and help. This was moving to me because it showed me that there still is a whole other world than Just in America and that not everyone has it as good as we do. Just knowing that Alicia would do anything to try and help others made me feel like I can do the same thing. This led me to volunteer and help people and show that I am committed to my community and would do anything to help. I would help at local food drives, food banks, and homeless shelters and even after school programs. Alicia Keys has always been a huge factor in my life and shaped me to who I am today. She opened my eyes and showed me that there is way more out there in life than Just what is right in front of our faces. Two of my favorite songs by Alicia Keys are Tell you Something and Brand New Me. The song Tell You Something is a song about living everyday like it is your last and to cherish the time you have with the people around you who you love. The song is personal to her because she wrote this about her grandmother. She wrote this because she felt that it is important to get everything off your chest when its ecessary. She thought it was a bad idea to ever wait, so instead she says brings up the question What if there was no tomorrow? She preaches that its important to love and cherish everything that you have. Some themes that stand out in this song are Relationships and lifestyles. If you live your life everyday like it is your last and cherish everyone who is in it, you have nothing to regret in the future. In her eyes, relationships are key but everyone has to do their part to maintain them. This song was written with a sad kind of melody in the background. It was mellow and had a atchy tune to it to show emotion and importance in it. The song Brand New Me is also personal to her because she starts to talk about her growth and how she has grown over the years. She talks about her opening her eyes and realizing that there is more to life. This song has many themes in it as well. It can relate to relationships, lifestyles, and social issues. A lot of people can connect to this song because it talks about self growth and how people change and can change for the better. She even states in the song that people shouldnt be surprised that she is changing and that she is a better person than she ever was before. The beginning of this song starts of slow, but changes to a happier tone to express her happiness on how she has grown and who she has become. All in all, Alicia keys impacted the entire world of music and shaped the music industry to what it has become today. She opened doors to a new type of sound and type of music that had slowly been forgotten. Not only was Alicia a huge factor I the shift in music, but she also did everything she could to change the world and the people in it. Although she is now 32, she still continues to make music and puts a lot of emotion into her lyrics to open peoples eyes.

Various Religious Restrictions in Many Forms of Art Assignment

Various Religious Restrictions in Many Forms of Art - Assignment Example It does not add anything foreign to its shape because the religion believes that the work of man is never equal to God’s art. To add to this, focus on the Quran brought about illustration and calligraphy. The Quran also makes explicit and various prohibitions on figurative imagery like bowing to gods as well as prohibit iconography. Unlike in Islamic art, Christian art is extraordinary because it does not illustrate the particular style of art, region, or period, but rather a specific choice of purpose, which entails extensive styles and forms. Getlein (378) also explains that Christian art touches on subjects like theology, politics, history, and philosophy. Having started with the minority groups, who had singled out their beliefs, it started having a universal occurrence in both private and public buildings to what was referred to as Christendom. Christian art was seen in great churches, abbeys, royal palaces, and cathedrals. It was also seen parishes, small churches, and private residential. The imagery of Christian was also evident in mosaic and wall-paintings in the walls of churches. What impacted the nature and creation of Christian was the decision of Paul to spread the gospel and when Constantine embraced Christianity. Christian art can also be traced towards the beginning and end of both second and t hird century. In the Old Testament, there are prohibitions of images, which are graven, families would be buried in tombs that were carved with marble and outside the walls of Rome, and the Romans would dig catacombs to bury their family members (Getlein 15). In chapter 21 of The Living Art, different works of arts have been exhibited from writers and artists who found it thrilling and overwhelming because they recognized art as modern. Getlein (506) argues that modernity is said to have developed a new type of society in the wake of revolution from diverse art movements like an American, Industrial, and  the French revolution.

Argument and further work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Argument and further work - Essay Example To investigate further this hypothesis, this emerging area of research needs further work, where study of interaction of oxaliplatin with survivin may lead to more insight into this phenomenon (Ngan et al. 2008). Since survivin is an expressed protein, its detection would need specific procedure, and hence the question is whether selection of Western Blot test is an appropriate one for this purpose. In Western Blotting, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is considered to be the standard tool of protein analysis. The survivin analysis involves reaction with an antibody, and from this perspective, sufficient information can be gathered by employing a staining technique employed for the proteins in the gel. From these two angles deployment of Western Blot analysis offers many advantages, which are improved accessibility to these proteins offering ease of handling and the advantage of storing the immobilized proteins for future analysis (Fowler, 1995). There are several instances in experimental literature on survivin expression in response to oxaliplatin that use Western Blot assay. Fujie et al. (2005) has used anti-survivin rabbit polyclonal antibody to detect survivin under-expression in oxaliplatin treated cancer cell lines with commendable success (Fujie et al. 2005). Wilson et al. (2008) also used Western Blot tests to detect markedly reduced expression of survivin in oxaliplatin treated cells (Wilson et al. (2008). Prewett et al. (2007) also demonstrated how Western Blot could be used to demonstrate oxaliplatin suppressed survivin expression (Prewett et al. 2007). The effect of oxaliplatin on the number of the cytosol can be investigated by immunohistochemistry method. In this method, some antibodies against cytosolic proteins have been used. This proposition is based on the idea that is apoptosis induced by oxaliplatin is partly contributed to by Cytochrome C mediated triggers, then the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin can be quantified by

Curriculum revision Essay Example for Free

Curriculum revision Essay It is no news that many improvements have taken place in the educational system of the country over the last two decades. Many scientific discoveries have become available as tools to hasten acquisition of productive education that would be useful in contributing effectively to the development of the nation. Arts and science have evolved newer and bigger methods of communication vital for excellent teacher-student relations. Indeed, all forms and work s of life have undergone serious transformations that have made life more compatible with the Earth. Therefore, it would obviously be a futile effort to remain dogmatic and still stick to old school curriculum. Some of the contents of the curriculum are moribund and are inconsistent with the speed of technological advancement. These would not produce 21st century students that can compete favorably with their colleagues from other schools in the Country. As the world progresses, the curriculum must be revised and improved. This need for revision can not be overemphasized as it can be seen in the speed of revisions of many books. Editions change rapidly ever year incorporating new writing skirls that make referencing less burdensome; these also feature printing developments in the form of schema builders like colored pictures, radiological tools, digital and laser printing. All these make reading more pleasurable and books more alluring to the eyes. It is important to emphasize the major that actually need such revision: writing skills have to advance tremendously. Better syntax need be incorporated: this is intended to accommodate new rules of concord. With this, the knowledge of grammar of students is significantly century-compliant. Simple English would convey the information better. Styles of writing such as the APA American Psychological Association, MLA [Modern Language Association] and other referencing styles such as Harvard, Oxford or Chicago should be integrated in the revision. These are indeed indispensable as they ease reading, make references more accessible, and promote further study on the subject of concern. These also encourage the learning of the language, in relation to other fields on interest. The singular most important tool that upholds education in this age is Technology. It is just inevitable for productive and responsive training in any field. The use of Audiovisual aids for teaching and learning, information transfer through such facilities as the Internet shrinks the world to a global village. Thus, the teacher-student distance has reduced drastically. This access as made education livelier and closer than it used to be in the old days. Better printing gadgets have also added glamour to written materials. The use of Slide shows with PowerPoint and other computer application packages have aid knowledge and research. These are extraordinary and highly welcomed. Incorporations of these into the curriculum can not be overemphasized. Teachers would be better equipped to discharge their duties and students would be more receptive to teaching. Really, It is only a fool who trek one thousand miles barefooted to deliver an urgent mail when he has been offered a car for the same trip.